Hispanic and Latino Americans
Some key components of this framework are that acculturation can act as a moderator that influences distinct forms of adaptation. One type of adaptation in this framework is sociocultural adaptation, operationalized as a person’s “fit” within their new receiving culture and ability to respond to the demands of the social environment. This framework also proposed that individuals who develop a higher degree of sociocultural adaptation are more likely to experience better psychological adaptation (e.g., psychological and behavioral well-being; Berry, 1997). Building on this framework, we propose that acculturation will function as a moderator between indicators of sociocultural adaptation (e.g., bicultural self-efficacy domains) and an indicator of psychological adaptation (e.g., alcohol use).
Acculturation and assimilation
Regarding cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, incidence rates among White and Black men are comparable (16.1 and 15.6 per 100,000, respectively); however, mortality rates are higher among Black men (6.0 versus 3.7 per 100,000 for White men) (National Cancer Institute 2011e). For cancer of the larynx, both incidence and mortality rates are higher among Black men than among White men (incidence, 9.8 and 6.0; mortality, 4.4 and 2.0) (National Cancer Institute 2011c). Despite these limitations, the present study highlights that distinct communities of settlement can modify associations between specific acculturation orientations and substance use behavior. This finding underscores the need for more multisite studies on acculturation and alcohol use. Bicultural self-efficacy is a novel construct in alcohol research and our findings suggest that this construct is relevant in alcohol research with Hispanic populations. However, our findings need to be replicated and more studies are needed with more diverse Hispanic samples (e.g., ages, nativity) and inclusion of other bicultural self-efficacy domains.
- Department of Justice (Perry 2004) reported that 42 percent of all violent crimes (i.e., rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault) were committed by an offender who was under the influence of alcohol.
- Blacks have higher rates of FAS, intimate partner violence, and some head and neck cancers, and there is limited empirical support in Blacks for a protective health effect from moderate drinking.
- Acculturation is a complex process in which a cultural exchange happens where individuals adopt practices and values of a host country while also retaining their own culture (Schwartz et al., 2010).
Drinking Levels Defined
In Maricopa County, approximately 31% of the population is Hispanic, 8.5% of the population is composed of immigrants from Latin America, 20% of adults report speaking Spanish at home, and 88.7% of Hispanics are of Mexican heritage (U.S. Census Bureau, 2017a, 2017b). Maricopa County has been described as a community where Hispanics often experience ethnic discrimination, hostility, and civil violations because of their real or perceived immigration status (American Civil Liberties Union of Arizona, 2019). On the other hand, in Miami-Dade County, approximately 69% of the population is Hispanic, 50% of the population is composed medications for alcohol use disorders of immigrants from Latin America, 67% of adults report speaking Spanish at home, and 53.6% of Hispanics are of Cuban heritage (U.S. Census Bureau, 2017b, 2017c). An example the demonstrates the cultural and economic interconnectedness between Miami-Dade County and Latin America is that Miami is often referred to as the “Gateway of the Americas” (National Tour Association, 2004). Examining interactions between acculturation and bicultural self-efficacy would not only deepen our understanding of bicultural self-efficacy, but it would also advance our understanding of substance use behavior among ethnic minorities.
Drinking Patterns and Other Determinants of Risk for Alcohol-Related Harms
“Cultural competence can mean [language], but significant portions of the Latinx community in the United States call English their first language. It doesn’t necessarily mean linguistics, although linguistics are really important, but also the understanding of cultural and family values,” says Vakharia. Since social work is a predominantly white profession, Latinx people seeking treatment for substance use are more than likely to encounter a white social worker who may not understand their unique needs. Research from 2021 supports the idea that family-oriented treatment may help improve treatment outcomes, especially for young people with substance use. Many Western approaches to treating substance use emphasize an individual approach to treatment. Common messaging includes the notion that reducing time with other people who use will reduce the likelihood of use.
Unfortunately, Latinos who choose to drink are more likely to consume higher volumes of alcohol than non-Hispanic Whites, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA).
Based on data from the National Center for Health Statistics, 1991–1997, mortality rates for cirrhosis with mention of alcohol were higher in White Hispanics and Black non-Hispanics compared with White non-Hispanics (Stinson et al. 2001). In contrast, death rates for White non-Hispanic and Black Hispanic males and females were lower than overall rates for each gender. a review on alcohol: from the central action mechanism to chemical dependency In addition, there is considerable variation in deaths from liver cirrhosis across Hispanic subgroups, with mortality rates highest in Puerto Ricans and Mexicans and lowest in Cubans (Yoon and Yi 2008). A CDC report (2009a) based on 2005–2006 data from the National Violent Death Reporting System presented findings on alcohol and suicide across ethnic groups.
Based on the interaction we found between acculturation and bicultural self-efficacy—future studies should continue to examine how other sociocultural processes may influence bicultural self-efficacy in relation to substance use behavior. First, the present study utilized self-report measures that are susceptible to participant misrepresentation and error. Second, our assessment of acculturation was limited to linguistic acculturation and only two domains of bicultural self-efficacy were examined out of a possible six.
Health departments and healthcare providers can find methods to screen for excessive alcohol use on the CDC’s Alcohol and Public Health webpage. “Screening and brief intervention for excessive alcohol use (ASBI) is an effective clinical prevention strategy for reducing excessive drinking, but it is underused in clinical settings,” according to the CDC. “I just think that it hasn’t been fully fleshed out, and I would ask that whatever the outcome is of this vote that we try to engage in an effort to clarify that because, really, I am very confused about what the city standards are,” he said.
As has become common with newer locations, the Watsonville site will include a Sayulita Tap Room, featuring a full menu of Central American dishes and alcoholic beverages. It is appropriate to refer someone to treatment for an alcohol use disorder whenever it is felt that alcohol consumption is interfering with normal functioning. alcohol and the etiology of depression american journal of psychiatry Discover how many people with alcohol use disorder in the United States receive treatment across age groups and demographics. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess odds of alcohol use (former and current versus never (reference)) and alcohol use disorder risk (low and at-risk versus no risk (reference)).
